John Bollinger

John Bollinger developed Bollinger Bands in the 1980s while working as a market analyst for Financial News Network. The indicator uses a simple moving average with upper and lower bands set at standard deviations, adapting dynamically to market volatility. Bollinger Bands became one of the most referenced indicators in retail and institutional trading worldwide, embedded in virtually every charting platform. Bollinger authored "Bollinger on Bollinger Bands" (2001) and has taught the concept at seminars globally. He is a CFA charterholder and former president of the International Federation of Technical Analysts. The elegance of Bollinger Bands lies in their ability to contextualize price action relative to recent volatility — providing a relative rather than absolute measure of overbought or oversold conditions — which has made them more adaptable across different market environments and time frames than many fixed-threshold technical indicators.