Charlie Munger

Charlie Munger served as Vice Chairman of Berkshire Hathaway until his death in November 2023 at age 99. As Warren Buffett's business partner and intellectual companion for over 60 years, he was instrumental in shifting Berkshire's investment philosophy from Benjamin Graham's pure "cigar butt" deep value approach toward the idea of buying wonderful businesses at fair prices. His intellectual influence on Buffett shaped the Berkshire model. Beyond investing, Munger was known for his "latticework of mental models" philosophy — applying insights from psychology, biology, physics, mathematics, and other disciplines to investment analysis and decision-making. His Poor Charlie's Almanack compiles his speeches and wisdom. He was widely regarded as one of the greatest business thinkers of the 20th and early 21st centuries.